Gottfried Leibniz built a hand crank calculator starting in 1673 and completing the device in 1694. Step Reckoner or Leibniz Calculator -1694 “I have read the truest computer of times, and the best arithmetician that ever breathed, and he reduceth thy dayes into a short number.” Richard Braithwait used the term “computer” in 1613 in a book where he referred to a job title known as a computer. The first documented use of the Word “computer”
It was used for hundreds of years from the Hellenistic period through the Islamic golden age and Middle Ages and finally being made obsolete by other devices in the 18 th century. in the Hellenistic civilization by Appolonius of Pegra, the astrolabe, is an analog calculator capable of calculating many different measurements in astronomy. Among other uses, it can be used to find the position of a celestial body above the horizon, to identify stars and planets, and to triangulate positions. It Is mentions that over the next 4 thousand years many devices are created to calculate things that are laborious to calculate by hand: The Major point of the abacus with regards to computer science is that the device can store information once a number is designated. If I slid one bead across the second rung and two beads across the first rung, this would represent the number twelve because I have one bead on the “tens” rung and two beads on the “ones”.
For instance, if I slid three beads across the lowest rung. Each rung represents one decimal place with the first rung representing the ones column, the second rung representing the tens column, the third row representing the thousands column and so on. The device is composed of several rungs or rods with several beads that slide back and forth on every rung. Hand operated calculator that helps with addition and subtraction.
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